Guide

How to Sell a Business

Selling a business is a process with a fixed shape. Most owners going through it for the first time underestimate two things: how long diligence takes, and how much of the outcome was decided before the business ever went to market.

1. Valuation and preparation

Establish a defensible range and identify what would move you within it. This is also where the financials get cleaned and the add-backs get documented, because doing it after a buyer asks looks like reconstruction rather than record-keeping.

Expect one to three months if the books are in reasonable shape, considerably longer if they are not.

2. Confidential marketing

Your business goes to market as a blind profile: enough detail for a buyer to judge fit, not enough to identify you. Interested parties sign an NDA before receiving anything specific.

Confidentiality is not paranoia. Staff who learn the business is for sale start looking, competitors use it, and customers ask questions you cannot answer yet. A leak during marketing can reduce the price of the thing being marketed.

3. Offers and letter of intent

Qualified buyers submit offers, usually as a letter of intent setting out price, structure and an exclusivity period. Most LOIs are non-binding on price but binding on exclusivity, which means signing one takes you off the market for 60 to 90 days.

Structure matters as much as headline price. Cash at close, seller financing, earnout and escrow are very different outcomes wearing the same number.

4. Due diligence and closing

The buyer verifies everything: financials, contracts, leases, licences, staff, litigation and tax. This is where deals die, and almost always because something in diligence contradicted something in marketing.

Budget 60 to 90 days for diligence and closing on a straightforward deal, longer where landlord consent, franchisor approval, licence transfer or environmental review are involved.

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Common questions

Can I sell my business confidentially?

Yes, and it is the norm. The business is marketed as an anonymous profile describing the industry, size and location without naming it, and buyers sign an NDA before receiving identifying detail. Staff and customers usually learn at or near closing.

Should I tell my employees I am selling?

Usually not until the deal is close to certain. Early disclosure creates flight risk among exactly the staff a buyer is paying for. The common exception is key management whose cooperation the buyer will require, who are often brought in under NDA once an LOI is signed.

Do I need a business broker to sell my business?

Not legally. What a broker provides is buyer reach, confidential marketing, a negotiating buffer and process management through diligence. For businesses under roughly $250,000 in value the fee can be hard to justify; above that, the main risk of selling alone is accepting the first offer from the only buyer you found.

Related guides

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General information for owner planning, not a formal appraisal, and not legal, tax or investment advice. Figures reflect broker transaction data including the BizBuySell Insight Report and aggregated 2024-2025 USA small business sales. Market conditions move; this page was last updated 2026-08-20.